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compiler: generate asm

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SimonFJ20 2025-03-25 10:56:35 +01:00
parent dcdfc32da6
commit 2025a450f6
4 changed files with 277 additions and 26 deletions
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244
backup-compiler/asm_gen.ts Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
import * as lir from "./lir.ts";
export class AsmGen {
private writer = new AsmWriter();
private liveRegs = new Set<lir.Reg>();
private regSelect = new Map<lir.Reg, string>();
public constructor(
private lir: lir.Program,
) {}
public generate(): string {
this.writeln(`bits 64`);
this.writeln(`section .data`);
for (const [id, val] of this.lir.strings) {
this.writeln(`align 8`);
this.writeln(`sbc__string_${id}:`);
this.writeIns(`dq ${val.length}`);
const escaped = val
.replaceAll('"', '\\"')
.replaceAll("\n", "\\n")
.replaceAll("\t", "\\t");
this.writeIns(`db "${escaped}"`);
}
this.writeln(`section .text`);
for (const fn of this.lir.fns) {
this.writeln(`align 8`);
this.writeln(`global ${fn.label}:`);
this.writeln(`${fn.label}:`);
this.generateFnBody(fn);
}
return this.writer.finalize();
}
private generateFnBody(fn: lir.Fn) {
const stmtKind = fn.mir.stmt.kind;
if (stmtKind.tag !== "fn") {
throw new Error();
}
if (stmtKind.attrs.at(0)?.ident === "c_function") {
const arg = stmtKind.attrs.at(0)!.args.at(0);
if (!arg || arg.kind.tag !== "string") {
throw new Error("incorrect args for attribute");
}
const label = arg.kind.val;
this.generateCFunctionBody(label, fn.mir.paramLocals.size);
return;
}
this.writeIns(`push r12`);
this.writeIns(`push rbp`);
this.writeIns(`mov rbp, rsp`);
this.writeIns(`sub rsp, ${fn.frameSize}`);
this.writeIns(`jmp .L${fn.mir.entry.id}`);
for (const line of fn.lines) {
for (const label of line.labels) {
this.writeln(`.L${label}:`);
}
this.generateIns(line.ins);
}
this.writeln(`.exit:`);
this.writeIns(`mov rsp, rbp`);
this.writeIns(`pop rbp`);
this.writeIns(`pop r12`);
}
private generateCFunctionBody(label: string, args: number) {
const argRegs = ["rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "rcx", "r8", "r9"];
const returnReg = "rax";
if (args > argRegs.length) {
throw new Error(
`arg count (${args}) > ${argRegs.length} not supported`,
);
}
this.writeIns(`push ${returnReg}`);
for (const reg of argRegs.slice(0, args + 1)) {
this.writeIns(`push ${reg}`);
}
this.writeIns(`call ${label}`);
this.writeIns(`mov r12, rax`);
for (const reg of argRegs.slice(0, args + 1).toReversed()) {
this.writeIns(`push ${reg}`);
}
this.writeIns(`pop ${returnReg}`);
this.writeIns(`push r12`);
}
private generateIns(ins: lir.Ins) {
const r = (reg: lir.Reg) => this.reg(reg);
switch (ins.tag) {
case "error":
throw new Error();
case "nop":
this.writeIns(`nop`);
return;
case "mov_int":
this.writeIns(`mov ${r(ins.reg)}, ${ins.val}`);
return;
case "mov_string":
this.writeIns(`mov ${r(ins.reg)}, sbc__string_${ins.stringId}`);
return;
case "mov_fn":
this.writeIns(`mov ${r(ins.reg)}, ${ins.fn.label}`);
return;
case "push":
this.writeIns(`push ${r(ins.reg)}`);
return;
case "pop":
this.writeIns(`pop ${r(ins.reg)}`);
return;
case "load":
this.writeIns(`mov QWORD [rbp${ins.offset}], ${r(ins.reg)}`);
return;
case "store":
this.writeIns(`mov ${r(ins.reg)}, QWORD [rbp${ins.offset}]`);
return;
case "call_reg":
this.generateCall(r(ins.reg), ins.args);
return;
case "call_fn":
this.generateCall(ins.fn.label, ins.args);
return;
case "jmp":
this.writeIns(`jmp .L${ins.target}`);
return;
case "jnz_reg":
this.writeIns(`jnz ${r(ins.reg)}, .L${ins.target}`);
return;
case "ret":
this.writeIns(`jmp .exit`);
return;
case "lt":
this.writeIns(`cmp ${r(ins.dst)}, ${r(ins.src)}`);
this.writeIns(`setle ${this.reg8(ins.dst)}`);
return;
case "eq":
this.writeIns(`cmp ${r(ins.dst)}, ${r(ins.src)}`);
this.writeIns(`sete ${this.reg8(ins.dst)}`);
return;
case "add":
this.writeIns(`add ${r(ins.dst)}, ${r(ins.src)}`);
return;
case "mul":
this.writeIns(`imul ${r(ins.dst)}, ${r(ins.src)}`);
return;
case "kill":
this.kill(ins.reg);
return;
}
}
private generateCall(value: string, args: number) {
const argRegs = ["rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "rcx", "r8", "r9"];
const returnReg = "rax";
if (args > argRegs.length) {
throw new Error(
`arg count (${args}) > ${argRegs.length} not supported`,
);
}
this.writeIns(`push ${returnReg}`);
for (const reg of argRegs.slice(0, args + 1)) {
this.writeIns(`push ${reg}`);
}
this.writeIns(`call ${value}`);
this.writeIns(`mov r12, rax`);
for (const reg of argRegs.slice(0, args + 1).toReversed()) {
this.writeIns(`push ${reg}`);
}
this.writeIns(`pop ${returnReg}`);
this.writeIns(`push r12`);
}
private reg(reg: lir.Reg): string {
this.allocReg(reg);
return this.regSelect.get(reg)!;
}
private reg8(reg: lir.Reg): string {
this.allocReg(reg);
return {
"rax": "al",
"rdi": "dil",
"rsi": "sil",
"rdx": "dl",
"rcx": "cl",
"r8": "r8b",
"r9": "r9b",
"r10": "r10b",
"r11": "r11b",
}[this.regSelect.get(reg)!]!;
}
private allocReg(reg: lir.Reg) {
if (!this.liveRegs.has(reg)) {
this.liveRegs.add(reg);
const regSel = [
"rax",
"rdi",
"rsi",
"rdx",
"rcx",
"r8",
"r9",
"r10",
"r11",
].at(this.liveRegs.size);
if (!regSel) {
throw new Error("ran out of registers");
}
this.regSelect.set(reg, regSel);
}
}
private kill(reg: lir.Reg) {
this.liveRegs.delete(reg);
this.regSelect.delete(reg);
}
private writeIns(ins: string) {
this.writer.writeln(` ${ins}`);
}
private writeln(line: string) {
this.writer.writeln(line);
}
}
class AsmWriter {
private result = "";
public writeln(line: string) {
this.result += `${line}\n`;
}
public finalize(): string {
return this.result;
}
}

14
backup-compiler/lir.ts
View File

@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ export type Fn = {
label: string;
mir: mir.Fn;
lines: Line[];
frameSize: number;
};
export type Line = {
@ -27,12 +28,13 @@ export type Ins =
| { tag: "pop"; reg: Reg }
| { tag: "load"; reg: Reg; offset: number }
| { tag: "store"; offset: number; reg: Reg }
| { tag: "call_reg"; reg: Reg }
| { tag: "call_fn"; fn: Fn }
| { tag: "call_reg"; reg: Reg; args: number }
| { tag: "call_fn"; fn: Fn; args: number }
| { tag: "jmp"; target: Label }
| { tag: "jnz_reg"; reg: Reg; target: Label }
| { tag: "ret" }
| { tag: "lt" | "eq" | "add" | "mul"; dst: Reg; src: Reg };
| { tag: "lt" | "eq" | "add" | "mul"; dst: Reg; src: Reg }
| { tag: "kill"; reg: Reg };
export type Reg = number;
export type Label = number;
@ -81,9 +83,9 @@ export class ProgramStringifyer {
case "store":
return `store ${ins.offset}, %${ins.reg}`;
case "call_reg":
return `call_reg %${ins.reg}`;
return `call_reg %${ins.reg}, ${ins.args}`;
case "call_fn":
return `call_fn ${ins.fn.label}`;
return `call_fn ${ins.fn.label}, ${ins.args}`;
case "jmp":
return `jmp .b${ins.target}`;
case "jnz_reg":
@ -95,6 +97,8 @@ export class ProgramStringifyer {
case "add":
case "mul":
return `${ins.tag} %${ins.dst}, %${ins.src}`;
case "kill":
return `kill %${ins.reg}`;
}
const _: never = ins;
}

40
backup-compiler/lir_gen.ts
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export class LirGen {
const mir = this.mirGen.fnMir(stmt, stmt.kind);
const id = this.fnIds++;
const label = `sbc__${stmt.kind.ident}`;
const fn: Fn = { id, label, mir, lines: [] };
const fn: Fn = { id, label, mir, lines: [], frameSize: 0 };
this.fns.set(id, fn);
this.stmtFns.set(stmt.id, fn);
}
@ -43,15 +43,10 @@ export class LirGen {
throw new Error();
}
// if (stmtKind.attrs.at(0)?.ident === "c_function") {
// const arg = stmtKind.attrs.at(0)!.args.at(0);
// if (!arg || arg.kind.tag !== "string") {
// throw new Error("incorrect args for attribute");
// }
// const label = arg.kind.val;
// new CFunctionGen(fn, label).generate();
// continue;
// }
if (stmtKind.attrs.at(0)?.ident === "c_function") {
// No need to generate lir.
continue;
}
new FnGen(
fn,
@ -75,6 +70,7 @@ class FnGen {
private currentLabels: Label[] = [];
private nextOffset = -8;
private frameSize = 0;
private localOffsets = new Map<number, number>();
public constructor(
@ -91,7 +87,9 @@ class FnGen {
for (const local of this.fn.mir.locals) {
this.localOffsets.set(local.id, this.nextOffset);
this.nextOffset -= 8;
this.frameSize += 8;
}
this.fn.frameSize = this.frameSize;
for (const block of this.fn.mir.blocks) {
this.currentLabels.push(this.blockLabels.get(block.id)!);
for (const stmt of block.stmts) {
@ -117,12 +115,14 @@ class FnGen {
const stringId = this.strings.intern(k.val.val);
this.pushIns({ tag: "mov_string", reg, stringId });
this.pushIns({ tag: "push", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "int": {
const reg = this.reg();
this.pushIns({ tag: "mov_int", reg, val: k.val.val });
this.pushIns({ tag: "push", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "fn": {
@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ class FnGen {
fn: this.stmtFns.get(k.val.stmt.id)!,
});
this.pushIns({ tag: "push", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
}
@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ class FnGen {
case "pop": {
const reg = this.reg();
this.pushIns({ tag: "pop", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "load": {
@ -149,6 +151,7 @@ class FnGen {
const offset = this.localOffsets.get(k.local.id)!;
this.pushIns({ tag: "load", reg, offset });
this.pushIns({ tag: "push", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "store": {
@ -156,12 +159,14 @@ class FnGen {
const offset = this.localOffsets.get(k.local.id)!;
this.pushIns({ tag: "pop", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "store", offset, reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "call": {
const reg = this.reg();
this.pushIns({ tag: "pop", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "call_reg", reg });
this.pushIns({ tag: "call_reg", reg, args: k.args });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
return;
}
case "lt":
@ -174,6 +179,8 @@ class FnGen {
this.pushIns({ tag: "pop", reg: dst });
this.pushIns({ tag: k.tag, dst, src });
this.pushIns({ tag: "push", reg: dst });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg: src });
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg: dst });
return;
}
}
@ -206,6 +213,7 @@ class FnGen {
reg,
target: this.blockLabels.get(k.falsy.id)!,
});
this.pushIns({ tag: "kill", reg });
this.pushIns({
tag: "jmp",
target: this.blockLabels.get(k.falsy.id)!,
@ -227,16 +235,6 @@ class FnGen {
}
}
class CFunctionGen {
public constructor(
private fn: Fn,
private label: string,
) {}
public generate() {
}
}
class StringIntern {
private ids = 0;
private strings = new Map<number, string>();

5
backup-compiler/main.ts
View File

@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { MirGen } from "./mir_gen.ts";
import { FnStringifyer } from "./mir.ts";
import { LirGen } from "./lir_gen.ts";
import { ProgramStringifyer } from "./lir.ts";
import { AsmGen } from "./asm_gen.ts";
async function main() {
const text = await Deno.readTextFile(Deno.args[0]);
@ -29,6 +30,10 @@ async function main() {
const lir = new LirGen(ast, mirGen).generate();
console.log("=== LIR ===");
console.log(new ProgramStringifyer(lir).stringify());
const asm = new AsmGen(lir).generate();
console.log("=== ASM ===");
console.log(asm);
}
main();