diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1b9f97e..26816aa 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-larpcc: main.c lex.c preproc.c collection.c parse.c syms.c
-	gcc $^ -o $@ -std=c23 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -g -fsanitize=address
+larpcc: main.c lex.c preproc.c collection.c parse.c syms.c ast_str.c
+	gcc $^ -o $@ -std=c23 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -g -fsanitize=address -Werror=switch
 
 
diff --git a/ast.h b/ast.h
index 99f57de..08f525f 100644
--- a/ast.h
+++ b/ast.h
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ typedef enum : unsigned int {
 
 struct AstDecl {
     AstSpec spec;
+    char* type_ident;
     ARRAY_FIELD(AstDeclar*, declars);
     AstStmtBlock* function_body;
     Loc loc;
@@ -84,7 +85,8 @@ struct AstDeclar {
             AstExpr* expr;
         } array;
         struct {
-            ARRAY_FIELD(AstDecl, params);
+            AstDeclar* declar;
+            ARRAY_FIELD(AstDecl*, params);
         } function;
     };
 };
@@ -96,6 +98,7 @@ typedef enum {
 
 struct AstExpr {
     AstExprTy ty;
+    Loc loc;
     union {
         char* str_val;
         struct {
@@ -105,4 +108,17 @@ struct AstExpr {
     };
 };
 
+typedef struct {
+    ARRAY_FIELD(char, string);
+    Arena* arena;
+    int depth;
+} AstStringifier;
+
+void ast_stringifier_init(AstStringifier* s, Arena* arena);
+void ast_stmt_block_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstStmtBlock* node);
+void ast_stmt_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstStmt* node);
+void ast_decl_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstDecl* node);
+void ast_declar_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstDeclar* node);
+void ast_expr_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstExpr* node);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/ast_str.c b/ast_str.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0feca1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ast_str.c
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+#include "ast.h"
+#include "collection.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+static void push(AstStringifier* s, const char* str)
+{
+    for (; *str; ++str) {
+        arena_array_push(s->arena,
+            (void**)&s->string,
+            &s->string_cap,
+            &s->string_size,
+            (void*)str,
+            sizeof(*str));
+    }
+
+    char ch = '\0';
+    arena_array_push(s->arena,
+        (void**)&s->string,
+        &s->string_cap,
+        &s->string_size,
+        (void*)&ch,
+        sizeof(ch));
+    s->string_size -= 1;
+}
+
+#define pushf(S, ...)                                                          \
+    do {                                                                       \
+        size_t len = snprintf(nullptr, 0, __VA_ARGS__);                        \
+        char* buf = calloc(len + 1, 1);                                        \
+        snprintf(buf, len + 1, __VA_ARGS__);                                   \
+        push(S, buf);                                                          \
+        free(buf);                                                             \
+    } while (false)
+
+static void indent(AstStringifier* s)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < s->depth; ++i) {
+        push(s, "    ");
+    }
+}
+
+void ast_stringifier_init(AstStringifier* s, Arena* arena)
+{
+    *s = (AstStringifier) {
+        ARRAY_FIELD_INIT(string),
+        .arena = arena,
+        .depth = 0,
+    };
+}
+
+void ast_stmt_block_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstStmtBlock* node)
+{
+    pushf(s, "StmtBlock %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+    s->depth += 1;
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "stmts: [");
+
+    if (node->stmts_size) {
+        s->depth += 1;
+        push(s, "\n");
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < node->stmts_size; ++i) {
+            indent(s);
+            ast_stmt_to_string(s, node->stmts[i]);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+        }
+        s->depth -= 1;
+        indent(s);
+    }
+    push(s, "],");
+
+    s->depth -= 1;
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "}");
+}
+
+void ast_stmt_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstStmt* node)
+{
+    switch (node->ty) {
+        case AstStmt_Decl: {
+            pushf(s, "Stmt::Decl %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "decl: ");
+            ast_decl_to_string(s, node->decl);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            s->depth -= 1;
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "}");
+            break;
+        }
+        case AstStmt_Expr: {
+            pushf(s, "Stmt::Expr %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+            indent(s);
+
+            push(s, "expr: ");
+
+            ast_expr_to_string(s, node->expr);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            s->depth -= 1;
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "}");
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void spec_to_string(AstStringifier* s, AstSpec spec)
+{
+    struct {
+        AstSpec specifier;
+        const char* ident;
+    } spec_idents[] = {
+        { AstSpec_Int, "int" },
+        { AstSpec_Char, "char" },
+        { AstSpec_Unsigned, "unsigned" },
+        { AstSpec_Static, "static" },
+        { AstSpec_Const, "const" },
+        { AstSpec_Inline, "inline" },
+        { AstSpec_Typedef, "typedef" },
+        { AstSpec_Enum, "enum" },
+        { AstSpec_Struct, "struct" },
+        { AstSpec_Union, "union" },
+    };
+
+    bool first = true;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(spec_idents) / sizeof(spec_idents[0]); ++i) {
+        if (spec & spec_idents[i].specifier) {
+            if (!first)
+                push(s, " ");
+            first = false;
+            push(s, spec_idents[i].ident);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void ast_decl_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstDecl* node)
+{
+    pushf(s, "Decl %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+    s->depth += 1;
+
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "spec: [");
+    spec_to_string(s, node->spec);
+    push(s, "],\n");
+
+    if (node->spec & AstSpec_DefTy) {
+        assert(node->type_ident);
+        indent(s);
+        pushf(s, "type_ident: \"%s\",\n", node->type_ident);
+    }
+
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "declars: [");
+    if (node->declars_size) {
+        push(s, "\n");
+        s->depth += 1;
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < node->declars_size; ++i) {
+            indent(s);
+            ast_declar_to_string(s, node->declars[i]);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+        }
+
+        s->depth -= 1;
+        indent(s);
+        push(s, "],\n");
+    } else {
+        push(s, "],\n");
+    }
+
+    if (node->function_body) {
+        indent(s);
+        push(s, "function_body: ");
+        ast_stmt_block_to_string(s, node->function_body);
+        push(s, ",\n");
+    }
+
+    s->depth -= 1;
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "}");
+}
+
+void ast_declar_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstDeclar* node)
+{
+    switch (node->ty) {
+        case AstDeclar_Ident: {
+            pushf(s, "Declar::Ident %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+
+            indent(s);
+            pushf(s, "ident: \"%s\",\n", node->ident);
+
+            break;
+        }
+        case AstDeclar_Pointer: {
+            pushf(
+                s, "Declar::Pointer %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "declar: ");
+            ast_declar_to_string(s, node->pointer.declar);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "spec: [");
+            spec_to_string(s, node->pointer.spec);
+            push(s, "],\n");
+
+            break;
+        }
+        case AstDeclar_Array: {
+            pushf(s, "Declar::Array %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "declar: ");
+            ast_declar_to_string(s, node->array.declar);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "expr: ");
+            ast_expr_to_string(s, node->array.expr);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            break;
+        }
+        case AstDeclar_Function: {
+            pushf(
+                s, "Declar::Function %d:%d {\n", node->loc.line, node->loc.col);
+            s->depth += 1;
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "declar: ");
+            ast_declar_to_string(s, node->array.declar);
+            push(s, ",\n");
+
+            indent(s);
+            push(s, "params: [");
+            if (node->function.params_size) {
+                push(s, "\n");
+                s->depth += 1;
+
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < node->function.params_size; ++i) {
+                    indent(s);
+                    ast_decl_to_string(s, node->function.params[i]);
+                    push(s, ",\n");
+                }
+
+                s->depth -= 1;
+                indent(s);
+                push(s, "],\n");
+            } else {
+                push(s, "],\n");
+            }
+
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (node->init_expr) {
+        indent(s);
+        push(s, "decl: ");
+        ast_expr_to_string(s, node->init_expr);
+        push(s, ",\n");
+    }
+
+    s->depth -= 1;
+    indent(s);
+    push(s, "}");
+}
+
+void ast_expr_to_string(AstStringifier* s, const AstExpr* node)
+{
+    push(s, "<expr>");
+}
diff --git a/collection.h b/collection.h
index e2044d9..c49f389 100644
--- a/collection.h
+++ b/collection.h
@@ -76,4 +76,20 @@ void arena_array_push(Arena* arena,
 
 char* arena_strdup(Arena* a, const char* str);
 
+#define ARENA_ARRAY_FIELD_PUSH(ARENA, STRUCT_PTR, FIELD_NAME, ELEM_PTR)        \
+    arena_array_push((ARENA),                                                  \
+        (void**)&(STRUCT_PTR)->FIELD_NAME,                                     \
+        &(STRUCT_PTR)->FIELD_NAME##_cap,                                       \
+        &(STRUCT_PTR)->FIELD_NAME##_size,                                      \
+        (ELEM_PTR),                                                            \
+        sizeof(*(ELEM_PTR)))
+
+#define ARENA_ARRAY_VAR_PUSH(ARENA, VAR_NAME, ELEM_PTR)                        \
+    arena_array_push((ARENA),                                                  \
+        (void**)&VAR_NAME,                                                     \
+        &VAR_NAME##_cap,                                                       \
+        &VAR_NAME##_size,                                                      \
+        (ELEM_PTR),                                                            \
+        sizeof(*(ELEM_PTR)))
+
 #endif
diff --git a/compile_flags.txt b/compile_flags.txt
index afde1f1..05ed4cb 100644
--- a/compile_flags.txt
+++ b/compile_flags.txt
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 -pedantic-errors
 -Wall
 -Wextra
-
+-Werror=switch
 
diff --git a/lex.c b/lex.c
index 3e64bb5..620aefd 100644
--- a/lex.c
+++ b/lex.c
@@ -78,9 +78,18 @@ const char* tokty_str(TokTy ty)
             return "Asterisk";
         case Tok_Hashtag:
             return "Hashtag";
-        default:
-            return "<unknown>";
+        case Tok_Comma:
+            return "Comma";
+        case Tok_KwInt:
+            return "KwInt";
+        case Tok_KwChar:
+            return "KwChar";
+        case Tok_KwConst:
+            return "KwConst";
+        case Tok_EndOfMacroInvocation:
+            return "EndOfMacroInvocation";
     }
+    return "<unknown>";
 }
 
 void source_iter_init(SourceIter* r, const char* text)
diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
index 913a264..a6cfaa8 100644
--- a/main.c
+++ b/main.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "ast.h"
 #include "collection.h"
 #include "parse.h"
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -20,39 +21,83 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 
     printf("--- text ---\n%s\n", text);
 
-    Arena tok_arena;
-    arena_init(&tok_arena, 4096);
+    {
 
-    Preproc* preproc = preproc_new(strdup(filename), text, &tok_arena);
+        Arena tok_arena;
+        arena_init(&tok_arena, 4096);
 
-    TokStream tokstream;
-    tokstream_init(&tokstream, preproc, &tok_arena);
+        Preproc* preproc
+            = preproc_new(strdup(filename), strdup(text), &tok_arena);
 
-    printf("--- tokens ---\n");
+        TokStream tokstream;
+        tokstream_init(&tokstream, preproc, &tok_arena);
 
-    Loc loc = { 1, 1 };
-    Tok tok;
-    while ((tok = tokstream_next(&tokstream)).ty != Tok_Eof) {
-        // printf("%s\t%s\n", tokty_str(tok.ty), tok.text);
-        Loc tok_loc = tok.loc;
-        if (loc.line > tok_loc.line) {
-            loc.line = 0;
+        printf("--- tokens ---\n");
+
+        Loc loc = { 1, 1 };
+        Tok tok;
+        while ((tok = tokstream_next(&tokstream)).ty != Tok_Eof) {
+            // printf("%s\t%s\n", tokty_str(tok.ty), tok.text);
+            Loc tok_loc = tok.loc;
+            if (loc.line > tok_loc.line) {
+                loc.line = 0;
+            }
+            while (loc.line < tok_loc.line) {
+                printf("\n");
+                loc.line += 1;
+                loc.col = 1;
+            }
+            while (loc.col < tok_loc.col) {
+                printf(" ");
+                loc.col += 1;
+            }
+            printf("%s", tok.text);
+            loc.line = tok_loc.line;
+            loc.col = tok_loc.col + strlen(tok.text);
         }
-        while (loc.line < tok_loc.line) {
-            printf("\n");
-            loc.line += 1;
-            loc.col = 1;
-        }
-        while (loc.col < tok_loc.col) {
-            printf(" ");
-            loc.col += 1;
-        }
-        printf("%s", tok.text);
-        loc.line = tok_loc.line;
-        loc.col = tok_loc.col + strlen(tok.text);
+        fputs("\n", stdout);
+
+        preproc_free(preproc);
+        arena_deinit(&tok_arena);
     }
-    fputs("\n", stdout);
 
-    preproc_free(preproc);
-    arena_deinit(&tok_arena);
+    {
+        Arena tok_arena;
+        arena_init(&tok_arena, 4096);
+
+        Preproc* preproc = preproc_new(strdup(filename), text, &tok_arena);
+
+        TokStream tokstream;
+        tokstream_init(&tokstream, preproc, &tok_arena);
+
+        Arena ast_arena;
+        arena_init(&ast_arena, 4096);
+
+        printf("--- ast ---\n");
+
+        Parser* parser = parser_new(&tokstream, &ast_arena);
+
+        AstStmt* stmt;
+        while (!parser_done(parser)) {
+            stmt = parser_parse_stmt(parser);
+
+            Arena s_arena;
+            arena_init(&s_arena, 4096);
+            AstStringifier s = { };
+            ast_stringifier_init(&s, &s_arena);
+
+            ast_stmt_to_string(&s, stmt);
+
+            printf("%s\n", s.string);
+
+            arena_deinit(&s_arena);
+        }
+
+        parser_free(parser);
+
+        preproc_free(preproc);
+        arena_deinit(&tok_arena);
+
+        arena_deinit(&ast_arena);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/parse.c b/parse.c
index 99dae39..0034254 100644
--- a/parse.c
+++ b/parse.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
 typedef struct {
     char ch;
@@ -22,17 +23,34 @@ typedef struct {
     TokStream* tokstream;
     Arena arena;
     ARRAY_FIELD(KwNode, nodes);
-    KwNode* root;
 } KwMatcher;
 
+static void kw_tree_print(KwMatcher* m, KwNode* node, int depth)
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < node->opts_size; ++i) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
+            printf(" ");
+        printf("%c", node->opts[i].ch);
+        if (node->opts[i].is_term) {
+            printf(" = %s\n", tokty_str(node->opts[i].val));
+        } else {
+            printf("\n");
+            kw_tree_print(m, &m->nodes[node->opts[i].val], depth + 1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static KwNodeOpt* kwmatcher_create_path(
-    KwMatcher* m, KwNode* node, const char* kw)
+    KwMatcher* m, size_t node_idx, const char* kw)
 {
     assert(kw[0]);
+    KwNode* node = &m->nodes[node_idx];
+
     KwNodeOpt* opt = nullptr;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < node->opts_size; ++i) {
         if (node->opts[i].ch == kw[0]) {
             opt = &node->opts[i];
+            break;
         }
     }
     if (!opt) {
@@ -48,7 +66,8 @@ static KwNodeOpt* kwmatcher_create_path(
             &m->nodes_size,
             &new_node,
             sizeof(new_node));
-        KwNode* node = &m->nodes[new_idx];
+        // might have been relocated
+        node = &m->nodes[node_idx];
 
         KwNodeOpt new_opt = {
             .ch = kw[0],
@@ -67,13 +86,12 @@ static KwNodeOpt* kwmatcher_create_path(
     if (!kw[1])
         return opt;
 
-    KwNode* next_node = &m->nodes[opt->val];
-    return kwmatcher_create_path(m, next_node, &kw[1]);
+    return kwmatcher_create_path(m, opt->val, &kw[1]);
 }
 
 static void kwmatcher_add(KwMatcher* m, const char* kw, TokTy tokty)
 {
-    KwNodeOpt* opt = kwmatcher_create_path(m, m->root, kw);
+    KwNodeOpt* opt = kwmatcher_create_path(m, 0, kw);
     opt->is_term = true;
     opt->val = tokty;
 }
@@ -97,8 +115,8 @@ static KwNodeOpt* kwmatcher_find_node(
 
 static TokTy kwmatcher_match(KwMatcher* m, const char* kw)
 {
-    KwNodeOpt* opt = kwmatcher_find_node(m, m->root, kw);
-    if (!opt->is_term)
+    KwNodeOpt* opt = kwmatcher_find_node(m, &m->nodes[0], kw);
+    if (!opt || !opt->is_term)
         return Tok_Ident;
     return opt->val;
 }
@@ -109,7 +127,6 @@ static void kwmatcher_init(KwMatcher* m, TokStream* tokstream)
         .tokstream = tokstream,
         .arena = { },
         ARRAY_FIELD_INIT(nodes),
-        .root = nullptr,
     };
 
     arena_init(&m->arena, 512);
@@ -121,8 +138,6 @@ static void kwmatcher_init(KwMatcher* m, TokStream* tokstream)
         (&(KwNode) { .idx = 0 }),
         sizeof(*(&(KwNode) { .idx = 0 })));
 
-    m->root = &m->nodes[0];
-
     struct {
         TokTy ty;
         const char* kw;
@@ -135,6 +150,8 @@ static void kwmatcher_init(KwMatcher* m, TokStream* tokstream)
     for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(kws) / sizeof(kws[0]); ++i) {
         kwmatcher_add(m, kws[i].kw, kws[i].ty);
     }
+
+    kw_tree_print(m, &m->nodes[0], 0);
 }
 
 static void kwmatcher_deinit(KwMatcher* m)
@@ -146,11 +163,18 @@ static Tok kwmatcher_next(KwMatcher* m)
 {
     Tok tok = tokstream_next(m->tokstream);
     if (tok.ty != Tok_Ident)
-        return tok;
+        goto exit;
     TokTy ty = kwmatcher_match(m, tok.text);
     if (ty != Tok_Ident)
         printf("info: matched '%s' on line %d\n", tok.text, tok.loc.line);
     tok.ty = ty;
+
+exit:
+    printf("  - %s(%s) %d:%d\n",
+        tokty_str(tok.ty),
+        tok.text,
+        tok.loc.line,
+        tok.loc.col);
     return tok;
 }
 
@@ -210,6 +234,47 @@ static void step(Parser* p)
 DEFINE_NEW(AstStmt, stmt)
 DEFINE_NEW(AstDecl, decl)
 DEFINE_NEW(AstDeclar, declar)
+DEFINE_NEW(AstExpr, expr)
+
+DEFINE_NEW(AstStmtBlock, stmt_block)
+
+static AstStmtBlock* parse_stmt_block(Parser* p);
+static AstDecl* parse_decl(Parser* p);
+static AstDeclar* parse_declar(Parser* p);
+static AstSpec parse_decl_spec(Parser* p);
+static AstExpr* parse_expr(Parser* p);
+
+static AstStmtBlock* parse_stmt_block(Parser* p)
+{
+    Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
+    assert(p->curr.ty == '{');
+
+    ARRAY_VAR(AstStmt*, stmts);
+
+    while (p->curr.ty != Tok_Eof && p->curr.ty != '}') {
+        AstStmt* stmt = parser_parse_stmt(p);
+        arena_array_push(p->arena,
+            (void**)&stmts,
+            &stmts_cap,
+            &stmts_size,
+            (&stmt),
+            sizeof(*(&stmt)));
+    }
+
+    if (p->curr.ty != '}') {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: expected '}' on line %d\n", p->curr.loc.line);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    step(p);
+
+    return new_stmt_block(p,
+        (AstStmtBlock) {
+            .stmts = stmts,
+            .stmts_cap = stmts_cap,
+            .stmts_size = stmts_size,
+            .loc = loc,
+        });
+}
 
 static bool is_decl_start_kw(TokTy ty)
 {
@@ -231,12 +296,19 @@ static bool is_defty_ident(Parser* p, Tok tok)
     return sym && sym->ty == Sym_Typedef;
 }
 
-AstStmt* parser_parse_stmt(Parser* p)
+static AstStmt* parse_stmt(Parser* p)
 {
     Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
 
     if (is_decl_start_kw(p->curr.ty) || is_defty_ident(p, p->curr)) {
-        AstDecl* decl = parser_parse_decl(p);
+        AstDecl* decl = parse_decl(p);
+
+        if (!decl->function_body && p->curr.ty != ';') {
+            fprintf(
+                stderr, "error: expected ';' on line %d\n", p->curr.loc.line);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        step(p);
 
         return new_stmt(p,
             (AstStmt) {
@@ -246,7 +318,7 @@ AstStmt* parser_parse_stmt(Parser* p)
             });
     }
 
-    AstExpr* expr = parser_parse_expr(p);
+    AstExpr* expr = parse_expr(p);
 
     return new_stmt(p,
         (AstStmt) {
@@ -256,12 +328,7 @@ AstStmt* parser_parse_stmt(Parser* p)
         });
 }
 
-static AstDeclar* parse_declar(Parser* p);
-static AstSpec parse_decl_spec(Parser* p);
-
-static AstStmtBlock* parse_stmt_block(Parser* p);
-
-AstDecl* parser_parse_decl(Parser* p)
+static AstDecl* parse_decl(Parser* p)
 {
     Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
 
@@ -271,11 +338,7 @@ AstDecl* parser_parse_decl(Parser* p)
 
     AstDeclar* first = parse_declar(p);
 
-    array_push((void**)&declars,
-        &declars_cap,
-        &declars_size,
-        (&first),
-        sizeof(*(&first)));
+    ARENA_ARRAY_VAR_PUSH(p->arena, declars, &first);
 
     if (first->ty == AstDeclar_Function && p->curr.ty == '{') {
         AstStmtBlock* block = parse_stmt_block(p);
@@ -316,6 +379,7 @@ AstDecl* parser_parse_decl(Parser* p)
 static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l1(Parser* p);
 static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l2(Parser* p);
 static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l3(Parser* p);
+static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l4(Parser* p);
 
 static AstDeclar* parse_declar(Parser* p)
 {
@@ -323,7 +387,7 @@ static AstDeclar* parse_declar(Parser* p)
 
     if (p->curr.ty == '=') {
         step(p);
-        AstExpr* expr = parser_parse_expr(p);
+        AstExpr* expr = parse_expr(p);
         declar->init_expr = expr;
     }
 
@@ -364,7 +428,7 @@ static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l2(Parser* p)
         step(p);
         AstExpr* expr = nullptr;
         if (p->curr.ty != ']') {
-            expr = parser_parse_expr(p);
+            expr = parse_expr(p);
         }
         if (p->curr.ty != ']') {
             fprintf(
@@ -390,6 +454,49 @@ static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l3(Parser* p)
 {
     Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
 
+    AstDeclar* declar = parse_declar_l4(p);
+
+    if (p->curr.ty == '(') {
+        step(p);
+
+        ARRAY_VAR(AstDecl*, params);
+
+        while (true) {
+            AstDecl* d = parse_decl(p);
+            ARENA_ARRAY_VAR_PUSH(p->arena, params, &d);
+
+            if (p->curr.ty != ',')
+                break;
+            step(p);
+        }
+
+        if (p->curr.ty != ')') {
+            fprintf(
+                stderr, "error: expected ')' on line %d\n", p->curr.loc.line);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        step(p);
+
+        declar =  new_declar(p,
+            (AstDeclar) {
+                .ty = AstDeclar_Function,
+                .loc = loc,
+                .function = {
+                    .declar = declar,
+                    .params = params,
+                    .params_cap = params_cap,
+                    .params_size = params_size,
+                },
+            });
+    }
+
+    return declar;
+}
+
+static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l4(Parser* p)
+{
+    Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
+
     if (p->curr.ty == Tok_Ident) {
         char* ident = arena_strdup(p->arena, p->curr.text);
         step(p);
@@ -413,44 +520,7 @@ static AstDeclar* parse_declar_l3(Parser* p)
         }
         step(p);
 
-        if (p->curr.ty != '(') {
-            return declar;
-        }
-        step(p);
-
-        ARRAY_VAR(AstDecl, params);
-
-        while (true) {
-            AstDecl* d = parser_parse_decl(p);
-            arena_array_push(p->arena,
-                (void**)&params,
-                &params_cap,
-                &params_size,
-                (&d),
-                sizeof(*(&d)));
-
-            if (p->curr.ty != ',')
-                break;
-            step(p);
-        }
-
-        if (p->curr.ty != '(') {
-            fprintf(
-                stderr, "error: expected '(' on line %d\n", p->curr.loc.line);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        step(p);
-
-        return new_declar(p,
-            (AstDeclar) {
-                .ty = AstDeclar_Function,
-                .loc = loc,
-                .function = {
-                    .params = params,
-                    .params_cap = params_cap,
-                    .params_size = params_size,
-                },
-            });
+        return declar;
     }
 
     fprintf(
@@ -466,7 +536,7 @@ static AstSpec parse_decl_spec(Parser* p)
         switch (p->curr.ty) {
             case Tok_Ident: {
                 Sym* sym = syms_get(p->ord_ns, p->curr.text);
-                if (sym->ty != Sym_Typedef)
+                if (!sym || sym->ty != Sym_Typedef)
                     break;
                 spec |= AstSpec_DefTy;
                 step(p);
@@ -493,11 +563,139 @@ static AstSpec parse_decl_spec(Parser* p)
     return spec;
 }
 
-static AstStmtBlock* parse_stmt_block(Parser* p)
+static AstExpr* parse_expr_1(Parser* p);
+static AstExpr* parse_expr_2(Parser* p);
+
+static AstExpr* parse_expr(Parser* p)
 {
-    Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
+    return parse_expr_1(p);
 }
 
-AstExpr* parser_parse_expr(Parser* p)
+static AstExpr* parse_expr_1(Parser* p)
 {
+    Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
+
+    AstExpr* expr = parse_expr_2(p);
+
+    while (true) {
+
+        if (p->curr.ty == '(') {
+            step(p);
+
+            ARRAY_VAR(AstExpr*, args);
+
+            if (p->curr.ty != ')') {
+                do {
+                    step(p);
+                    AstExpr* arg = parse_expr(p);
+                    ARRAY_VAR_PUSH(args, &arg);
+                } while (p->curr.ty == ',');
+            }
+
+            if (p->curr.ty != ')') {
+                fprintf(stderr,
+                    "error: expected ')' on line %d\n",
+                    p->curr.loc.line);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            step(p);
+
+            expr = new_expr(p,
+                (AstExpr) {
+                    .ty = AstExpr_Call,
+                    .loc = loc,
+                    .call = {
+                        .expr = expr,
+                        .args = args,
+                        .args_cap = args_cap,
+                        .args_size = args_size,
+                    },
+                });
+        }
+
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return expr;
+}
+
+static size_t unescape_string(char* dest, const char* src)
+{
+    size_t dest_i = 0;
+    size_t src_len = strlen(src);
+
+    assert(src[0] == '"' && src[src_len - 1] == '"');
+
+    src -= 1;
+    src_len -= 2;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < src_len; ++i) {
+        char ch = src[i];
+
+        char dest_ch;
+        if (ch == '\\') {
+            i += 1;
+            assert(i < src_len);
+            ch = src[i];
+
+            switch (ch) {
+                case 't':
+                    dest_ch = '\t';
+                    break;
+                case 'r':
+                    dest_ch = '\r';
+                    break;
+                case 'n':
+                    dest_ch = '\n';
+                    break;
+                case '0':
+                    dest_ch = '\0';
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    dest_ch = ch;
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            dest_ch = ch;
+        }
+        if (dest)
+            dest[dest_i] = dest_ch;
+        dest_i += 1;
+    }
+
+    return dest_i;
+}
+
+static AstExpr* parse_expr_2(Parser* p)
+{
+    Loc loc = p->curr.loc;
+
+    if (p->curr.ty == Tok_Str) {
+        size_t unescaped_len = unescape_string(nullptr, p->curr.text);
+        char* unescaped_str = arena_alloc(p->arena, unescaped_len + 1);
+        unescape_string(unescaped_str, p->curr.text);
+
+        step(p);
+
+        return new_expr(p,
+            (AstExpr) {
+                .ty = AstExpr_Str,
+                .loc = loc,
+                .str_val = unescaped_str,
+            });
+    }
+
+    fprintf(
+        stderr, "error: expected expression on line %d\n", p->curr.loc.line);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+AstStmt* parser_parse_stmt(Parser* p)
+{
+    return parse_stmt(p);
+}
+
+bool parser_done(Parser* p)
+{
+    return p->curr.ty == Tok_Eof;
 }
diff --git a/parse.h b/parse.h
index 864a8ab..8a5ac31 100644
--- a/parse.h
+++ b/parse.h
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ typedef struct Parser Parser;
 Parser* parser_new(TokStream* tokstream, Arena* arena);
 void parser_free(Parser* p);
 AstStmt* parser_parse_stmt(Parser* p);
-AstDecl* parser_parse_decl(Parser* p);
-AstExpr* parser_parse_expr(Parser* p);
+bool parser_done(Parser* p);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/preproc.c b/preproc.c
index 2fb3ece..212cbf1 100644
--- a/preproc.c
+++ b/preproc.c
@@ -637,6 +637,14 @@ Tok preproc_next(Preproc* p)
     return expand_tok(p);
 }
 
+static Tok tokstream_next_filtered(TokStream* s)
+{
+    Tok tok;
+    while ((tok = preproc_next(s->preproc)).ty == Tok_Eol
+        || tok.ty == Tok_Whitespace) { }
+    return tok;
+}
+
 void tokstream_init(TokStream* s, Preproc* preproc, Arena* arena)
 {
     *s = (TokStream) {
@@ -644,15 +652,7 @@ void tokstream_init(TokStream* s, Preproc* preproc, Arena* arena)
         .arena = arena,
         .curr = { },
     };
-    s->curr = preproc_next(s->preproc);
-}
-
-static Tok tokstream_next_filtered(TokStream* s)
-{
-    Tok tok;
-    while ((tok = preproc_next(s->preproc)).ty == Tok_Eol
-        || tok.ty == Tok_Whitespace) { }
-    return tok;
+    s->curr = tokstream_next_filtered(s);
 }
 
 Tok tokstream_next(TokStream* s)